How Energy Storage is Used Around the World
Battery storage refers to the capture of energy produced at any one time for use at another time. Devices that store energy are known as accumulators or batteries for storage.
There are a wide variety of energy storage systems available to manage power supply and create a more resilient, energy infrastructure. These energy storage systems are categorized as mechanical, electrochemical, chemical, electrical or thermal.
Behind-the-meter (BTM) – describes energy storage systems (like solar) that provide power to a home or building without needing the utility.
Grid-scale – refers to large generation facilities that feed into the power grid (coal, gas, renewable energy with storage, geothermal).
Global energy storage capacity doubled between 2017 and 2018 to 8 GWh. 2019 experienced the first downward swing in a decade which is attributed to the need for rules and regulations around storage deployment and use.
Pumped hydro storage makes up 96.2% of the worldwide storage capacity.
The growth of battery storage globally requires a clear understanding of what services and applications it can provide and to what markets, well-defined regulations and stable policy environments with guidelines on ownership provisions.
Abbreviations
CAES = compressed air energy storage
GW = gigawatt
La = lead-acid
Li-ion = lithium-ion
LFP = lithium iron phosphate
LMO = lithium manganese oxide
LTO = lithium titanate
MW = megawatt
NaNiCl = sodium nickel chloride flow battery
NaS = sodium sulphur
NCA = nickel cobalt aluminium
NMC = nickel manganese cobalt
PHS = pumped hydro storage
SNG = synthetic natural gas
VRFB = vanadium redox flow battery
VRLA = valve-regulated lead-acid
W/L = Watts per litre
Wh/L = Watt hours per litre
ZBFB = zinc bromine flow battery
Definitions:
Behind-the-meter (BTM) – describes energy storage systems (like solar) that provide power to a home or building without needing the utility
Grid-scale – refers to large generation facilities that feed into the power grid (coal, gas, renewable energy with storage, geothermal)
Sources:
https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-storage
https://www.worldenergy.org/assets/downloads/ESM_Final_Report_05-Nov-2019.pdf
https://www.worldenergy.org/assets/downloads/ESM_Final_Report_05-Nov-2019.pdf
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