Visualized: Global Hydrogen Imports and Exports

As of 2019, hydrogen is one of the most imported/exported products globally with trades totaling nearly $10 billion.

• By 2050, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates hydrogen to cover 12% of global energy use by 2050. Cross-border trade could account for 30% of the total hydrogen market.
• According to the IEA, hydrogen has to grow 140% by 2030 to reach net zero.       
• Future uses of hydrogen include buildings, power, ammonia, and transportation.

Current uses:

• Refineries consume 45% of global hydrogen production
• ~35% of hydrogen is used for to make ammonia
• Methanol production uses roughly 15% of hydrogen around the world

Sources:

https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/hydrogen

https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2022/Jan/Hydrogen-Economy-Hints-at-New-Global-Power-Dynamics